Korean Grammar in use (Advanced)

There are Korean Grammar in Use (advanced) online lessons based on 'Korean Grammar in Use' book. You can keep tracks of your study or search the grammar you want easily.

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Click on the title of each grammar below to see the lesson in details.

Expressing Choices
1. -느니
2. -(으)ㄹ 바에야
3. -건 -건
4. -(느)ㄴ다기보다는

Expressing Citations and Quotations
1. 보고
2. -(느)ㄴ다니까
3. -(느)ㄴ다면서 
4. 에 의하면

Expressing Normalization
1.  -(으)ㅁ
2. -는 데
3. -는 바

Expressing Causes and Reasons
1. -(으)로 인해서
2 -는 통에
3. -(으)로 말미암아
4. -느니만큼
5. -는 이상
6. -기로서니
7. -기에 망정이지
8. -(느)ㄴ답시고
9. -(으)ㅁ으로써
10. -기에 
11. -길래

Expressing Hypothetical Situations
1. -더라도
2. -(으)ㄹ지라도
3. -(으)ㄴ들
4. -(으)ㄹ망정
5. -(느)ㄴ다고 치다
6. -는 셈치다

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[Korean grammar] -(으)ㄹ세라，-는 양，-는 한편，-(으)ㄹ 턱이 없다

The expressions we will study here are not used as frequently as the ones we studied but they sometimes appear on Korean proficiency tests. Studying these expressions will help you not only with Korean proficiency tests but also with having more natural conversations with Koreans.

-(으)ㄹ세라
This expression is used to indicate that the speaker’s anxiety or worry about the occurrence of the content of the preceding clause forms the reason or basis for doing the action stated in the following clause.
• 아내는 아이들이 추울세라 장갑에 목도리까지 하게 했다.
Worrying that the children would be cold, my wife made them wear gloves and scarves.
• 세영이는 자신의 하얀색 원피스에 뭐라도 묻을세라 무척이나 조심을 했다.
Seyoung was extremely careful with her white dress out of fear that she would get a stain on it.
• 강연자의 이야기를 한마디 라도 놓칠세라 청중들은 부지 런히 메모를 했다.
The members of the audience diligently took notes lest they miss even a word that the speaker was saying.

This expression can be replaced with -(으)ㄹ까 봐 with no major change in meaning. However, note that -(으)ㄹ세라 has a slightly more literary and old-fashioned nuance.
• 아내는 아이들이 추울까 봐 장갑에 목도리까지 하게 했다.
• 세영이는 자신의 하얀색 원피스에 뭐라도 묻을까 봐 무척이나 조심을 했다.

-는 양
This expression is used to indicate that the action or situation described in the following clause is, or appears to be, just like that described in the preceding clause.

• 동호 씨는 자신이 사장이라도 된 양 나에게 이것저것을 시키더라고요.
Dongho ordered me to do all sorts of things as if he had become the boss.
• 윤주 씨는 항상 모든 걸 다 아는 양 행동해서 사람들의 미움을 샀다.
Yunju incurred the displeasure of everyone because she always acted as if she knew everything.
• 그 사람은 마치 오래 전부터 알고 지냈던 사이인 양 친숙하게 말을 걸었다.
That person approached me in a very familiar manner as if we had known each other for a very long time.

This expression can be replaced with -는 듯이 with almost no major change in meaning. However, note that -는 양 has a more literary nuance than -는 듯이.
• 동호 씨는 자신이 상사라도 된 듯이 나에게 이것저것을 시키더라고요.
• 윤주 씨는 항상 모든 걸 다 아는 듯이 행동해서 사람들의 미움을 샀다.

-는 한편
This expression is used to indicate simultaneously doing two actions or the simultaneous occurrence of two situations.
• 안박문 후보자는 유세에서 자신의 업적을 드러내는 한편 상대 후보의 정책을 비난했다.
While campaigning, candidate Ahn Bakmun boasted of his achievements while criticizing his opponent’s policies.
• 윤 교수는 암 치료에 관한 연구를 꾸준히 하는 한편 후배 의乂!들을 양성하는 데에도 게을리하지 않았다.
Professor Yoon not only worked nonstop on his cancer treatment research, but he also never neglected to help train the doctors under him.
• 사회가 변화함에 따라 새로운 직업들이 대거 생겨나는 한편 기존의 직업들도 많이 사라지고 있다.
Along with the changing society, new professions have emerged at a rapid rate while a lot of existing professions have disappeared.

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[Korean grammar] 피동 and 사동

The expressions you will learn in this section are made by adding suffixes to certain words to make them into their respective passive and causative forms. In the intermediate level, we learned how to add -이/히/리 /기- to verb stems to make passive forms at the word level, and we also learned how to add -아지다/어지다 and -게 되다 to verbs to make passive expressions. As for causative forms, we learned how to add -이/히/리/기- to verb stems to make causative forms at the word level, and we also learned how to add -게 하다 to verbs to make causative expressions.

되다
This expression attaches to some nouns to express a type of passive form in which the action or state expressed was performed by some other subject. It is used mainly after Sino-Korean words.
• 1492년 콜럼버스는 아메리카 대륙을 발견했다.
In 1492, Columbus discovered the American continent.
=>1492년 아메리카 대륙은 콜럼버스에 의해 발견됐다.
In 1492, the American continent was discovered by Columbus.
• 나는 이 노래를 사랑하는 아내를 위해 작곡했다.
I composed this song for my wife that I love.
=>이 노래는 사랑하는 아내를 위해 작곡됐다.
This song was composed for my wife that I love.
• 노사 문제를 해결하려고 아침부터 노사 양측이 모여 회의를 시작했다.
Trying to solve labor and management problems, both sides met to start meetings in the morning.
=>5시간에 걸친 회의를 하고서야 노사 문제가 해결됐다.
After 5 hours of meetings, the labor and management problems were finally resolved.

When is added to some nouns, it means that the subject performs the stated action, and in such cases, the object particle 을/를 can precede the verb. However, when 되다 is added, the passive meaning is indicated, and thus the particle before the noun changes to ‘이/가’
• 정부가 낙후된 지역을 개발하겠다고 발표했다.
• 내년 하반기부터 낙후된 지역이 개발될 예정이다.

The following chart shows action verbs with 하다 attached and their passive counterparts with -되다 attached.

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[Korean grammar] -(으)므로, -(으)나，-(으)며

The expressions we will learn here are used primarily in written language and formal situations such as speeches and presentations. They can be used to replace the following expressions learned in the beginning level: -(으)니까, -아서/어서, -지만, -고, and -(으)면서.

-(으)므로
This expression is used to indicate the cause, reason, or basis for the following clause. It is mainly used in written language and formal expressions in speeches and presentations.


• 다리를 꼬고 앉거나 비스듬히 기대앉으면 척추가 비뜰어지므로 좋지 않다.
It’s not good to sit with your legs crossed or at an angle because your spine will be crooked.
• 이 상품은 중도에 해지가 안 되므로 계약하기 전에 신중하게 생각하십시오.
Think carefully before you decide to sign the contract because this product cannot be canceled midway through.
• 선호가 아무 말도 안 하고 가만히 있었으므로 모두들 그가 화가 났다고 생각했다.
Everyone thought Sunho was angry because he remained silent and did not say anything.

This expression cannot be used together with -겠- to indicate supposition or the future tense.
• 이번 주말에는 바람도 강하고 기온 변화도 심하겠으므로 건강 관리에 신경 쓰십시오. ( X )
->이번 주말에는 바람도 강하고 기온 병화도 심하겠으니 건강 관리에 신경 쓰십시오. (〇)

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[Korean grammar] 하게체 Expressing Honorifics

가: 박 군. 오래간만이네. 어서 오게. 무슨 일인가?
Hey, Park. Long time no see. Come over here. What happened?
나: 교수님, 그동안 안녕하셨습니까? 다른 게 아니라 이번에 제가 졸업 논문을 쓰는데 조언을 얻고자 왔습니다.
Professor, how have you been? Actually, I came to get some help from you regarding my graduation thesis.
가: 벌써 자네가 졸업할 때가 됐나? 세월이 빠르구먼. 서서 그러지 말고 앉아서 차라도 마시면서 이야기하세.
Is it already time for you to graduate? My how time files. Have a seat, and we can talk over some tea or something.
나: 네, 감사합니다.
Yes, thank you.

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[Korean grammar] 하오체 Expressing Honorifics

가: 영화가 생각보다 재미있네요. 여양 씨는 어땠어요?
That movie was better than I thought it was going to be. What did you think of it, Yeoyang?
나: 아주 재미있었소. 하하하. 영화속 말투로 하니까 재미 있네요.
It was very interesting. Ha-ha. It’s fun to speak the way they did in the movie.
가: 그럼 우리 영화 속 주인공들처럼 말해 볼까요? 지금 몇 시오? 배가 고프니 식사하러 갑시다.
Then shall we talk like the stars in the movie did? What time is it now? I’m hungry, so let's go to get something to eat.
나: 나는 잠깐 화장실에 갔다 오겠소. 그동안 무엇을 드실지 생각하고 계시오.
I’m going to the restroom. In the meantime, think about what you want to eat.

This form of honorifics is used when the speaker wants to speak in a slightly polite way to the hearer either because the hearer is of a similar age or younger than the speaker or because they don’t know each other well or aren’t very close. While it is sometimes used among older individuals in conversation, it is mainly used in written language such as signs and public notices, in which case the imperative form is used.

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[Korean grammar] -(으)ㄹ래야 -(으)ㄹ 수가 없다 Expressing Emphasis

가: 부장님, 항상 일찍 출근하시더니 오늘은 웬일로 지각을 하셨어요?
Manager, you always arrive to work early, so why were you late today?
나: 나도 이제 나이가 들어서 그런지 체력이 예전 같지가 않네. 어제 모처럼 운동을 열심히 했더니 너무 피곤해서 아침에 일찍 일어날래야 일어날 수가 없었어.
Perhaps it’s my age catching up to me, but I don’t have the physical strength that I used to. Yesterday, I exercised for the first time in a long time, and this morning, I couldn’t get up no matter how hard I tried.
가: 아, 맞다. 옆 동네 사회인 축구 팀하고 친선 경기 한다고 하셨죠? 이기셨어요?
Oh, that’s right. You said you were going to play in a goodwill soccer match with some of your neighbors from the next town. Did you win?
나: 그쪽 팀원들이 워낙에 젊어서 말이야. 젖 먹던 힘까지 다 내서 뛰었는데도 이길래야 이길 수가 없더라고.
The members of the other team are all very young. We played with all of the strength we could muster, but we couldn’t win no matter what.

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[Korean grammar] -기가 이를 데 없다 Expressing Emphasis

가: 지난 주말에 ‘명성황후’라는 오페라를 봤는데 배우들의 연기가 훌륭하기가 이를 데 없었어요.
Last weekend, I saw the opera Queen Myeongseong, and the acting was excellent beyond comparison.
나: 그래요? 저도 보고 싶던 공연인데요. 무대 규모도 엄청나다면서요?
Really? I’ve been wanting to see that musical myself. Is it true that the scale of the stage is huge, too?
가: 네. 무대도 웅장하기가 이를 데 없고 배우들의 의상 또한 화려하기가 이를 데 없었어요. 다음 달에는 유럽으로 공연을 간다고 하더라고요.
Yes, the stage is magnificent beyond compare, and the actors’ costumes are more dazzling than you would believe. I heard that they're leaving to perform in Europe from next month.
나: 그럼 저도 이번 달 안에 꼭 보러 가야겠네요.
In that case, I also had better go to see it sometime this month.

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[Korean grammar] 여간 -지 않다 Expressing Emphasis

가: 조금 전에 집에 오는 길에 갑자기 큰 개가 튀어나와서 여간 놀라지 않았어요.
I was very surprised when a big dog ran out in front of me on my way home a little while ago.
나: 괜찮았어요? 소희 씨는 원래 개를 무서워하잖아요.
Oh, no, are you okay? You’re normally afraid of dogs, Sohee.
가: 그러니까요. 그런데 그 개 주인이 여간 이상하지 않더라고요. 제가 놀라서 소리를 지르는 바람에 자기 개가 충격을 받았다면서 오히려 화를 내지 뭐예요.
That's why it was so scary. But the owner of the dog was so strange. He claimed his dog was shocked because of my screaming and actually got angry.
나: 별 황당한 일도 다 있네요.
My, what strange things happen.

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[Korean grammar] -(으)ㅁ에 따라 Expressing Situations and Standards

가: 스마트폰이 이제는 생활필수품으로 자리 잡았는데요. 그런데 사용자 수가 증가함에 따라 그에 따른 부작용도 만만치 않습니다.
Smartphones have now become a necessity of daily life. But along with the increase in users, the number of side effects is also great.

나: 부작용이라면 어떤 것들이 있을까요?
As side effects, what types of things are there?

가: 스마트폰을 장시간 사용함에 따라 심한 경우에는’목디스크 관련 질환이 생기기도 합니다. 또 스마트폰 없이는 아무것도 할 수 없고 심지어 불안, 초조, 공포까지 느끼는 ‘노모포비아’ 증상을 호소하는 사람도 늘고 있다고 합니다.
As we use smartphones for longer periods of time, there are disorders associated with the lumbar disc which can arise. In addition, they say it’s reaching a point where we can’t do anything without our smartphones to the extent that the number of people complaining of symptoms of "no-mo-phobia” (no mobile phobia), including feelings of anxiety, restlessness, and fear, is on the rise.

나: 사람이 편리하기 위해 만든 기기인데 지나치게 기기에 의존하게 되니까 큰 문제네요.
They are machines designed to make our lives more convenient, but they have become a big problem since we depend on them too much.

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[Korean grammar] N+ 치고 Expressing Situations and Standards

가: 태민 씨 생각에 케빈 씨는 어떤 사람인 것 같아요?
Taemin, what do you think about Kevin?

나: 글쎄요. 어른들 말씀에 동물이나 아이들 좋아하는 사람치고 심성이 나쁜 사람은 없다고들 하시잖아요. 강아지를 좋아하는 걸 보면 마음씨가 좋은 사람일 것 같아요.
Well, as the elders say, nobody who likes animals and kids has a bad heart. Seeing that he likes dogs, my guess is that he’s got a good heart.

가: 그렇죠? 보통 금융계에 종사하는 사람들은 약간 냉정하고 치밀해 보이는데 금융인치고 약간 어수룩하면서 마음도 따뜻하고, 정도 많은 것 같고요.
Right? Usually, people who work in the financial industry look a little cold hearted and meticulous, but considering the fact he’s a financier, he seems naive, warm hearted, and kind.

나: 어? 이상하네. 소희 씨 혹시 케빈 씨 좋아하는 거 아니에요?
Oh? That’s a bit odd. Could it be that you like Kevin, Sohee?

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[Korean grammar] -는 마당에 Expressing Situations and Standards

가: 엄마, 저 아이들 좀 봐요. 미래에 대한 꿈도 희망도 없어 보여요.
Mom, look at those kids over there. It looks like they have no hopes or dreams for the future.

나: 제대로 먹지도 못하는 마당에 어떻게 그런 걸 꿈꿀 수 있겠니? 참 안됐구나.
How can they think about such things when they can’t even eat proper meals? It’s so horrible.

가: 엄마, 그런데 오늘 저녁은 외식하면 안 돼요? 며칠째 똑같은 반찬만 먹잖아요.
By the way, Mom, can we eat out tonight? You know we’ve been having the same side dishes for a few days in a row now.

나: 지구의 반대편에서는 저렇게 먹을 것이 없어서 죽어 가는 마당에 너처럼 반찬투정이나 하면 되겠니? 제발 철 좀 들어라. 외식비 아껴서 후원이나 해야겠다.
How can you be picky about side dishes when there are people like that on the other side of the world who are starving because they have nothing to eat? Please grow up! We should take the money we’d save by not eating out and support them.

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[Korean grammar] - 는 가운데 Expressing Situations and Standards

가: 지금 한창 한강 일대에서는 국제 마라톤 경기가 진행되고 있는데요. 그곳 상황을 알아보겠습니다. 박태민 기자, 지금 경기가 시작된 지 30분 정도 지났지요?
There’s currently an international marathon underway along part of the Han River. Let’s check out the situation there. Reporter Park Taemin, hasn’t it been about 130 minutes since the start of the race?

나: 네, 그렇습니다. 지금 제 뒤쪽으로는 경찰차가 에스코트하는 가운데 여러 나라의 마라톤 선수들이 달리고 있는데요. 아직 경기 초반이라뚜렷하게 선두 그룹이 구별되고 있지는 않습니다.
Yes, that’s correct. Right behind me are police car escorts amidst runners from around the world. It’s still the start of the race, so there isn’t any clear leading group of runners yet.

가: 시 민들도 거 리에 나와서 많이 응원을 하고 있나요?
Are there a lot of local citizens out along the streets to cheer the runners on?

나: 네，거리에는 지금 각국 응원단들의 응원 열기가 뜨거운 가운데 지금 막 한국의 이봉조，이봉조 선수가 선두로 나서기 시작했습니다.
Yes, among the excitement from all of the cheering squads from all of the countries, Korean runner Lee Bongjo, Lee Bongjo has just now started breaking away to take the lead.

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[Korean grammar] -데요 Expressing Results and Retrospection

가: 지난 토요일에 결혼식 에 간다고 하셨죠?
Didn’t you go to a wedding last Saturday?

나: 네, 친구가 한국 남자와 결혼했는데 민속촌에서 한국 전통 결혼식으로 했어요. 청사초롱이며 전통 음악 연주며 TV 드라마에서만 보던 것을 직접 보니까 색다르고 신기하데요.
Yes, my friend got married to a Korean guy, and they held a traditional Korean wedding at a folk village. It was unique and interesting because I got to see up close a lot of things I had only seen in television dramas, such as traditional lanterns and musical performances.

가: 신랑과 신부가 전통 혼례복을 입 었겠네요.
The bride and groom must have worn traditional wedding clothes as well.

나: 네, 한복을 입은 신부가 연지곤지를 찍고 수줍어하는 모습이 너무 사랑스러워 보이데요. 금발 머리에 파란 눈하고 한복 색깔이 그렇게 잘 어울릴지 몰랐어요. 그걸 보고 있자니 저도 나중에 전통 혼례식으로 하고 싶어지데요.
Yes, and the image of the shy bride wearing a hanbok with rouge on her cheeks and forehead was so lovely. I had no idea her blond hair and blue eyes would go so well with the colors of the hanbok. Looking at their wedding, I also wanted to have a traditional wedding ceremony someday.

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[Korean grammar] -(으)ㄴ 나머지 Expressing Results and Retrospection

가: 투안 씨, 어제 발표 잘했어요?
Tuan, did your presentation go well yesterday?

나: 잘하기는요. 발표 때문에 너무 긴장한 나머지 말도 더듬거 리고 딸꾹질까지 했다니까요.
Far from it. I was so nervous about giving the presentation that I was stuttering and even hiccupping.

가: 아, 그래서 오늘 사람들이 투안 씨만 보면 ‘딸꾹딸꾹’ 하는군요. 딸꾹질이 발표 도중 나왔으면 굉장히 당황했겠어요.
Oh, so that’s why people are mimicking your hiccup sound when they see you today. That must have been really embarrassing to start hiccupping in the middle of your presentation.

나: 당황한 나머지 사람들이 질문을 하는데 아무 생각도 안 나고 멍하게 쳐다만 보고 있었어요. 정말 너무 창피해서 생각하고 싶지도 않아요.
I was so embarrassed that I couldn’t even think about what people were asking me questions about. I just stared back at them in a daze. I’m so ashamed that I don't even want to think about it.

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[Korean grammar] -아/어 내다 Expressing Results and Retrospection

가: 우리 회사 연구 팀이 이번에 개발한 제품이 무척 잘 팔린다면서요?
Is it true that the product our company research team developed is really selling like crazy?

나: 네, 기존 제품에 없는 기능도 많아서 특허도 5개나 땄대요. 그래서인지 경쟁 회사 제품보다 열 배 이상 더 잘 팔린다고 하더라고요.
Yes, I heard that it has a lot of functions that aren't on previous products, and we were able to obtain 5 new patents. Perhaps that's the reason why they say our product is outselling that of the competition by a factor of 10.

가: 정말 대단하군요. 강세호 팀장이 그 오랜 세월 묵묵히 일하더니 그런 좋은 성과를 이루어 냈군요.
That's really amazing. I suppose our team chief Kang Seho was able to realize such good results after plodding away so quietly and diligently at his job for all this time.

나: 그런데 강 팀장님 말로는 이렇게 많은 특허를 딸 수 있었던 데에는 아내의 힘이 컸다고 하더라고요. 아내분이 여 러 가지 아이디어를 많이 생각해 낸 덕분이래요.
But according to Kang himself, his wife was an important factor in their being able to get so many patents. He said it was thanks to his wife’s coming up with a lot of ideas.

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[Korean grammar] -(으)ㄴ 끝에 Expressing Results and Retrospection

가: 윤광래 작가님, 이번에 발표하신 소설은 조선 시대 역사책에 짧게 실린 한 궁녀의 이야기를 보고 영감을 얻 었다고 들었습니다.
Author Yoon Gwangrae, I heard that you received inspiration for your newly released novel after reading a short piece about a court lady in a history book on the Choseon Period.

나: 네, 그렇습니다. 그런데 자료가 없어서 1년 넘게 박물관이며 역사학자며 쫓아다니 면서 조사한 끝에 소설을 써 나가기 시작했습니다.
Yes, that’s correct. But there weren’t any other sources to be found, so I spent over a year researching more material by visiting museums and historians, after which I started writing the novel.

가: 쉬운 작업이 아니셨겠네요. 저는 개인적으로 이 소설의 결말 부분이 의외였는데 머릿속에 미리 생각해 두신 게 있으셨나요?
That must not have been easy. Personally, I was surprised by the ending of the novel, but was that something that you had in mind to include from the beginning?

나: 아닙니다, 결말이 마음에 안 들어서 고치기를 여러 번 했지요. 원고를 다섯 번이나 수정한 끝에 이번 작품이 완성된 것입니다.
 No, it wasn’t. I wasn’t happy with the original ending, so I changed it numerous times. Then, after editing the draft as many as five times, the novel in its present form was completed.

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[Korean grammar] (이)며 (이)며 Expressing Enumeration

가: 결혼 준비하느라 바쁘시죠?
Aren’t you busy getting ready to get married?

나: 네, 결혼식장이며 신혼여행이며 챙길 게 한두 가지가 아니네요.
Yes, there are a lot of things to get in order, such as the wedding hall and honeymoon.

가: 맞아요, 돈도 엄청들 거예요.
Yeah, and I bet they cost a lot of money.

나: 그렇긴 해도살림살이 사는 거며 집 꾸미는 거며 모두 재미있는 것 같아요. 저랑 제 신랑이 같이 살 집이라고 생각하니 너무 설레고 좋아요.
That’s true, but things like buying household goods and decorating the house are actually quite fun. My heart flutters when I think of living in the house together with my husband.

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[Korean grammar] -(으)랴 -(으)랴 Expressing Enumeration

가: 커피숍에서 아르바이트하니까 좋아하는 커피는 실컷 마시겠네요.
Since you’re working part time at a coffee shop, you must be able to drink as much of your favorite coffee as you like

나: 저도 그럴 줄 알았어요. 그런데 아르바이트생 하나가 갑자기 그만두는 바람에 얼마나 바쁜지 몰라요. 주문 받으랴 갖가지 커피 만들랴 정신이 하나도 없다니까요.
That’s what I thought as well. But I’m suddenly very busy now due to one of the other part-time staff members abruptly quitting. I’m always extremely busy taking orders and making all kinds of coffee.

가: 아사미 씨는 낮에는 학교에서 공부하랴 저녁에는 커피숍에서 일하랴 힘들겠어요.
It must be hard for you，Asami being so busy studying during the day and then working at the coffee shop in the evening.

나: 요즘은 너무 바빠서 하루가 어떻게 가는지 모르겠어요.
Recently, I’m so busy that I don’t even notice how the days are passing.

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[Korean grammar] -느니 -느니 하다 Expressing Enumeration

가: 아내분이 시골로 이사 가는 걸 반대하신다면서요?
Is it true that your wife is opposed to moving to the countryside?

나: 네, 애들 교육하기가 안 좋으니 편의 시설이 많지 않으니 하면서 반대를 하네요.
Yes, she’s opposed to it, saying that it’s harder to educate children there and there aren’t many amenities.

가: 생활비가 많이 든다느니 공기가 나쁘다느니 해도 도시에 살던 사람에겐 도시가 편하죠.
I guess that even if you say that it’s more expensive to live there and that the air is bad, the city is still preferable for someone who grew up there.

나: 귀농하는 건 은퇴 후에나 생각해 봐야 할 것 같아요.
I guess I’ll have to wait to consider a return to farming until after retirement.

This expression is used when listing a number of thoughts, opinions, or other statements, and it means that the subject has said this and that about some situation or state of affairs. It is also often used together with the citation form ‘-(느)ㄴ다’ to form -(느)ㄴ다느니 -(느)ㄴ다느니 하다.




• 승주 씨는 시장은 복잡하니 환불이 안 되느니 하면서 백화점만 간다.
Seungju only shops at department stores, saying that markets are too crowded and that they don’t accept returns.

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